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A Small project on Battery level Indicator

Battery level indicator is mainly a plan of brightness article voltmeter. It displays an article of light which elevation is relative to the voltage. In the realistic wisdom of outlook battery level indicator is worn to explain the power level of battery.
Effective code of this route is battery power compared with the position power. This route is constructed by via 741 op-amp ICs. Op-amp is disparity loudspeaker which production will be optimistic or negative, depends on the disparity of contribution voltages.
When the contribution voltage disparity is positive with admiration to reference power and battery power, then the production is optimistic & the LED will produce brightness. If unhelpful LED cannot produce brightness. It is the major code of battery level indicator.
Power level indicated by the article of LEDs. For simple of analysis LED rearranged in a upright array. The pinnacle four LEDs indicates the battery power is lofty. Successively the minor level indicates the battery power is short & base four LEDs indicate extremely low power of the battery.
So, if the battery power continues to refuse then LEDs will expire in series from peak to base.
In this route 1mA current is attuned for orientation voltage. Vcc is alienated by the full digit of resistor for judgment the price of resistor R.
       
Conversely, the resistor price of R1 is designed by the equation,

Component:
* Op-amp IC 741
*. R = 3kΩ
* R1 =220kΩ
* Diode

Operation: 
The power drop alongside the every resistor is 3 volt.
So as the Vin = 0v or below 3v the production of all op-amp are at
–Vsat . The silicon diodes defend the brightness emitting diodes next to extreme reverse prejudice power.
When Vin is amplified to a price 3v to 6v, just the production of op-amp#1 goes optimistic to brightness which point out “extremely short”.
When Vin is amplified to a cost 3v and 6v, the production of op-amp#1 &  op-amp#2  are at +Vsat  & goes optimistic to light which point to “Low”.
When Vin is bigger to a cost 6v & 9v, the production of op-amp#1, op-amp#2 & op-amp#3 are at +Vsat  & goes optimistic to light which point to “Medium”.

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