Automatic water level circuit is based on a 555 IC for
sensing the least & most water levels & turns a MOSFET on/off which openly
wheel a 12V DC drive motor.
Circuit Diagram:
Now we are via the ‘activate’ & ‘doorsill’ pins (2 &
6) to notice the most and least levels, correspondingly. The two power
comparator op-amps indoors the 555 manage the production, rotating it on/off.
Looking at the circuit diagram you will detect that the ‘activate’
join (2) is clear ‘HIGH search’, although being triggered (production goes
HIGH) when the power drops under 1/3 of the provide voltage & the
‘Threshold’ join (6) is clear ‘LOW search’ while it is ‘retune’ (production
goes LOW) when the power rises more than 2/3 of the provide electrical energy.
If this appears to you as creature inverted.
The circuit works as follows:
Three probes are engrossed in the boat. (Typically from the summit)
One is the ‘earth’ search,
going to the level a small lesser than the least pet level. This is the ‘ordinary’
(or ‘position’) probe. The LOW & HIGH probes are locate at the beloved
levels.
Currently suppose the boat is blank.
Resistors R2 & R1 (1M) tie the ‘activate’ & ‘doorsill’
pins (2 & 6) to the optimistic (+) rail (provide). In extra words, equally
pins are HIGH. Keep in mind (from over), to create the production of IC1 go
HIGH, the activate join (2) wants to drop under 1/3 of the provide power. (4V
with a 12V supply) as the activate pin is still lofty, the output waste LOW.
We want to fill the boat when
IC1’s production is LOW.
TR1 is OFF. The entry of the MOSFET button (TR2) is linked
to the provide rail (+12V) with R4 (10k).
TR2 is thus curved on& the drive motor is organization.
TR1 (BC547) is related among the IC1s production (pin 3) &
the TR2’s entry.
Its reason is stage problem.
It earnings that when IC1’s production is lofty, TR1 conducts & pulls its antenna/TR2’s
GATE connection low down, so TR2 is OFF. as the Conversely, this is unnoticed
by IC1 as its output is previously LOW (in the ‘reorganize’ method)
While the water level reaches the ‘lofty search’, water ‘overpass’
is shaped among it and the GROUND hunt. Currently as with the LOW hunt, this ‘viaduct’
constitutes drive (or convey coil) is associated between the optimistic railing
(+12V) & TR2’s DRAIN, the make/relay coil is NOT eager.
Currently, back to the state when the IC1’s production is
short, TR2’s entry is HIGH (+12V) & conducting. The drive is working &
water is being packed. while the water level rises, a water ‘conduit’ is fashioned
among the GROUND (general) query & the ‘LOW explore’ (doorstep, pin 6) This
‘bridge’ constitutes a short fight, relative to the high clash of R2 (1M),
bringing the power at this join to a low level (at slightest under 1/3 provide
but real power depend on the conductivity of the water). a low fight, relation
to the high price of R1 (1M), bringing the activate voltage to under the necessary
level (1/3 provide voltage) and IC1 triggers, its production going HIGH. Currently
Tr1 is curved on, the prejudice voltage/current of TR2 is detached & the
pump STOPS. The satisfying cycle is finished.
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